Atomizing burner

ABSTRACT

A burner device employing modern space technology, lightweight felt-type refractories and metal alloys, the structure allowing the complete burning of a fuel mixture so that the products of combustion upon leaving the fire-box are clear, smokeless, and entirely consumed.

Elite States atent 1191 [111 [4 1 Sept. 11, 1973 ATOMlZlNG BURNER Bruno.1. Galliano, ,lr., 1810 SE. Exeter Dr., Portland, Oreg. 97202 Filed:Mar. 30, 1971 Appl. No.: 129,368

inventor:

US. Cl. 431/116, 431/173 int. Cl. F23c 5/18 Field 01 Search 431/173,115, 116,

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS Van Loon 431/173 X Downs 431/173X 1,958,265 5/1934 Christoph 4. 431/173 X 3,610,788 10/1971 Brenner431/115 FOREIGN F'ATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 1,122,685 1/1962 Germany 431/9Primary ExaminerEdward G. Favors Attorney-Oliver D. Olson [57] ABSTRACTA burner device employing modern space technology, lightweight felt-typerefractories and metal alloys, the structure allowing the completeburning of a fuel mixture so that the products of combustion uponleaving the fire-box are clear, smokeless, and entirely consumed.

4 Claims, 7 Drawing Figures ATOMIZING BURNER This invention relates tofuel burners, and more particularly to an atomizing burner.

It is therefore the primary purpose of this invention to provide anatomizing burner which will be of such construction so as to obtainsmog-free combustion with a large heat release from a small confinedcombustion chamber.

Another object of this invention is to provide a burner of the typedescribed which will have a unique design of its combustion chamber inorder to achieve a high temperature without being self-destructiblewhich was the result of burners used in the prior art.

Another object of this invention is to provide a burner that willconsume liquid fuel and will burn smogless, efficient, and will have alarge heat release emitted for the amount of fuel consumed.

Most burner designs of the prior art employed a large area for a givenamount of fuel burned. The present invention overcomes this problem byburning the fuel mixture in a circular or tangential configuration,thereby lengthening the flame pattern, and consequently the combustiontime.

The present invention is of such construction so as to withstand theextremely high temperatures encountered when attempting to burn a largequantity of fuel in a small volume fire-box.

The structure of the present invention employs modern space technology,utilizing lightweight felt-type refractories, and metal alloys that willand have under repeated testing stood up under constant use for periodsof several hundred hours with no visible damage to the burner or itsrelated components.

A further object of this invention is to provide a burner structurewhich will contain the combustion in the fire-box long enough tocompletely burn the fuel mixture in such a manner so that the productsof combustion, upon leaving the fire-box are clear, smokeless andnon-toxic.

The present invention solves this problem by the use of a hightemperature resisting cover or baffle, so designed so to keep the fuelmixture contained and revolving in the combustion chamber until it iscompletely consumed and by keeping the combustion contained, therewill'be no visible flame emitting from the,

top of the burner to impinge on any metal of boiler or other vehicle itis supplying he at to, thereby completely eliminating flame cooling withaccompanying sooting, scaling, and smoke. v

A former problem in burners of the prior art was to sustain combustionin a fire-box with no other means than the fire itself, other than aspark, etc., for initial firing.

Also, for sudden and continual off-on cycles, the

burner must attain combustion temperatures immediately for a clean typecombustion.

The present invention will be so designed as to employ the use in itsconstruction, of a lightweight, high.

temperature resisting felt inner-lining, that obtains a high degree ofrefractories immediately.

The top baffle or metal cover will not be over 0.0030 in thickness,thereby allowing it to glow red or white hot immediately upon ignition.This then takes on the job of sustaining combustion by acting as a glowor continuous spark plug.

The construction of the fire-box itself, demands that the flame patternafter leaving the injection tube, will electrodes shown removed in theirentirety from the a travel a complete circle allowing the tail of theflame FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the lines 2-2 of FIG.I;

FIG. 3 is similar to FIG. 2, but showing a modified form of theinvention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged plan view of the nozzle and blow tube of theinvention;

; FIG. 5 is an end view of FIG. 4 and is shown in elevation;

FIG. 6 is a view taken along the lines 6-6 of FIG. 4; and

FIG. 7 is aperspective view-of the blow tube shown removed from theinvention. v

According to this invention, an improved burner 10 is shown to include acircular fire-box housing 11 having an extending blow tube-l2 to whichis attached an external blower 13 having an air intake opening l4 Itshall be noted that the flow of air may be regulated through opening 14by any means well known in the art, (not shown).

It shall be understood that a blow tube 12 is secured fixedly withinfire-box housing 11 in a tangent arrangement for a purpose whichhereinafter will be described.

Fire-box housing 11 of burner 10 includes an outer steel wall 15 whichis spaced apart from a stainless steel wall 16 and an insulation 17 iscarried there between walls 15 and 16.

A felt refractory material 18 of the fiberchrome type is secured to thesteel wall 16. A concave bafflel9 hav ing' an open drop cylinder 20 iscarried within the upper extremity of fire-box housing 11 and isrendered stationary and airtight by means of a seal ring 21.

A plurality of equally spaced apart tabs 22 are welded to the interiorof drop cylinder 20 and allows for an eccentric opening 22' for theescapement of heat is positioned centrally between a pair of electrodes24,

one of which is secured to a brass plate 25, the opposite end of plate25 being secured to the nozzle tube 26, the

plate 25 serving as ground means for the electrode 24 to which it isattached. v

A bracket 27 provides a means of holding the electrodes 24 and the fuelnozzle 23 in their respective relationships and the arrangement issecured by means of a screw fastener 28.

Looking now at FIG. 3 of the drawing, there is shown a modified form ofdrop disc baffle 29 being secured in a spaced apart relationship tobaffle 19' by means of a plurality of posts 30 welded thereto.

The secondary baffle disc 29 serves to contain fire long enough forcomplete combustion of the fuel introduced.

It shall also be noted that the fuel nozzle 23 is p'ositioned in aslightly upward position in order to keep the fire up against the baffle19 as the flame pattern encircles the drop cylinder 20 as shown in themain embodiment of the present invention.

As the flame pattern circles the drop cylinder 20, it must work itselfto the bottom of the combustion chamber 31, finding its way under and updrop cylinder 20 to the exit opening 22'.

Being that the baffle 19 is actually pressurizing the combustion chamber31, the flame pattern will seek an outlet. By the time the flame reachesthe exit opening 22' of the baffle 19, the flame is completely expendedand therefore only hot gases are emitted.

The drop disc, as shown in FIG. 3 of the drawing, creates the samecondition as heretofore described of the main embodiment of the presentinvention.

As will be more readily seen in FIG. 1 of the drawing, the tail of theflame pattern crosses the fuel and air tube 12 entry, acting as an afterburner or regenerator, thus greatly assisting a clean and continuouscombustion.

It shall also be understood that the side wall refractory felt material18 of the fiberchrome type, will glow instantly and will withstand 2,700F. continuous fire.

The top baffle 19 is constructed of any high temperature, low scalingmetal not over 0.0030 inches thickness, the thinness of the baffle 19allowing it to glow red or white hot immediately and thereby acts as acontinuous spark plug or igniter.

The top baffle 19 also emits radiant heat through the surface or objectbeing heated.

It shall further be recognized that burner fires immediately with nosmoking or fuming, will consume a large quantity of fuel with a largeheat release out of a small volume fire-box 11, and is very adaptable tofast cycling of on-off applications. The burner 10 rejects a very smallamount of heat through its own insulated walls and 16, thereby releasinga much greater amount through its intended outlet,22.

After sustained usage, the steel wall 15 of the fire-box housing 11 isof a low enough temperature so as to enable the human hand to touch itwithout sustaining a burning injury.

It shall even further be recognized that the combustion chamber 31 hasan appetite for fuel, not necessarily properly atomized through theinitial nozzle 23, as the tail of the flame prevaporizes a fresh mixtureupon entry to the combustion chamber 31.

Fuel may even be injected in a merely raw state and will completely beconsumed without smoking, thus initial atomization is not nearly asimportant as the inherent structure of the combustion chamber 31.

What I claim is:.

l. A fuel burner comprising a circular firebox housing for forming acombustion chamber, a blow tube and blower carried by said fireboxhousing providing a means for introducing fuel and air into saidcombustion chamber, the blow tube extending through the outer wall ofsaid firebox housing and arranged tangent to the circular plane of theinterior of said firebox housing, an outer wall and an inner wallcarried by said housing with insulation means therebetween, a feltrefractory material carried within said firebox housing, a baffle anddrop cylinder carried within said housing for proper control of theflame of combustion, a fuel nozzle and electrodes carried within saidfirebox housing providing a means for initially starting the combustiontherein, said fuel injector nozzle and its associated startingelectrodes being housed within said blow tube and said fuel injectornozzle being angled partially upwards so that the flame travel will beelongated and will encircle the drop cylinder prior to entering thelower extremity of the latter as effective heat energy, said dropcylinder being secured to tab members projecting downward from aneccentric opening through the baffle, said baffle being concave andsecured fixedly within the upper extremity of said firebox housing bymeans of a seal ring.

2. The combination according to claim 1, wherein said concave baffle ofsaid burner is of a high temperature and low scaling metal of sufficientthickness in order to allow it to glow red or white hot immediately andtherefore will act as a continuous igniter for said fuel and said bafflealso serves to emit radiant heat to the surface or object being heated,said burner when in operation will emit no visible flame from its exitopening of said baffle and therefore will not cause any impinging uponany metal of a boiler or the like it is applying heat to and willthereby completely eliminate flame cooling with accompanying sooting,scaling, and smoke.

3. A fuel burner comprising a firebox having a circular side wall andend walls closing the opposite ends of the circular wall, one of the endwalls having an outlet opening of reduced diameter, a drop cylindercommunicating with said outlet opening and extending into the firebox, aburner having a blow tube extending through the circular wall anddisposed tangentially with respect to the inner surface thereof forintroducing a fuel mixture into said firebox for combustion, the entireinner surfaces of the firebox wallsand drop cylinder being of a hightemperature material capable of sustaining temperatures above theignition temperature of the fuel mixture, and insulating means isolatingthe inner surfaces of at least the circular wall and end wall opposite;the outlet opening from external cooling. below said ignitiontemperature whereby to insure against any area of said inner surfacesbeing cooled to a temperature below said ignition temperature.

4. The fuel burner of claim 3 wherein the end wall having the outletopening isof a high temperature metal having a thickness not exceedingabout 0.0030

inch for radiating heat externally of the firebox.

I9! b i i t

1. A fuel burner comprising a circular firebox housing for forming acombustion chamber, a blow tube and blower carried by said fireboxhousing providing a means for introducing fuel and air into saidcombustion chamber, the blow tube extending through the outer wall ofsaid firebox housing and arranged tangent to the circular plane of theinterior of said firebox housing, an outer wall and an inner wallcarried by said housing with insulation means therebetween, a feltrefractory material carried within said firebox housing, a baffle anddrop cylinder carried within said housing for proper control of theflame of combustion, a fuel nozzle and electrodes carried within saidfirebox housing providing a means for initially starting the combustiontherein, said fuel injector nozzle and its associated startingelectrodes being housed within said blow tube and said fuel injectornozzle being angled partially upwards so that the flame travel will beelongated and will encircle the drop cylinder prior to entering thelower extremity of the latter as effective heat energy, said dropcylinder being secured to tab members projecting downward from aneccentric opening through the baffle, said baffle being concave andsecured fixedly within the upper extremity of said firebox housing bymeans of a seal ring.
 2. The combination according to claim 1, whereinsaid concave baffle of said burner is of a high temperature and lowscaling metal of sufficient thickness in order to allow it to glow redor white hot immediately and therefore will act as a continuous igniterfor said fuel and said baffle also serves to emit radiant heat to thesurface or object being heated, said burner when in operation will emitno visible flame from its exit opening of said baffle and therefore willnot cause any impinging upon any metal of a boiler or the like it isapplying heat to and will thereby completely eliminate flame coolingwith accompanying sooting, scaling, and smoke.
 3. A fuel burnercomprising a firebox having a circular side wall and end walls closingthe opposite ends of the circular wall, one of the end walls having anoutlet opening of reduced diameter, a drop cylinder communicating Withsaid outlet opening and extending into the firebox, a burner having ablow tube extending through the circular wall and disposed tangentiallywith respect to the inner surface thereof for introducing a fuel mixtureinto said firebox for combustion, the entire inner surfaces of thefirebox walls and drop cylinder being of a high temperature materialcapable of sustaining temperatures above the ignition temperature of thefuel mixture, and insulating means isolating the inner surfaces of atleast the circular wall and end wall opposite the outlet opening fromexternal cooling below said ignition temperature whereby to insureagainst any area of said inner surfaces being cooled to a temperaturebelow said ignition temperature.
 4. The fuel burner of claim 3 whereinthe end wall having the outlet opening is of a high temperature metalhaving a thickness not exceeding about 0.0030 inch for radiating heatexternally of the firebox.